as表示相同或相似强调比较的程度省略和替代用法
一、定义与功能
在英语中，连词“as”可以引导比较状语从句，用来表示两个事物之间的相同或不同之处。这种从句的功能在于对主句中的某个名词或代词进行比较，以便为读者或听者提供更为详细或清晰的信息。
二、基本用法和结构
1. “as”引导比较状语从句时，其基本结构为：“主语 + 动词 + as + 主语 + 动词”。例如：He studies as hard as she does.
2. 在这个结构中，“as”前面的部分是主句，而“as”后面的部分是比较状语从句。
三、与其他连词的对比
与其他连词相比，如“like”和“similar to”，“as”在引导比较状语从句时更加正式和精确。而“like”和“similar to”更多地用于非正式的语境中。
四、表示相同或相似
当“as”用于表示两个事物相同或相似时，它通常与动词的肯定形式一起使用。例如：She sings as beautifully as her sister.
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要表示两个事物之间的不同或相反，可以在“as”前加上否定词，如“not”。例如：He doesn't earn as much as his colleagues.
六、强调比较的程度
通过使用形容词或副词的比较级，可以强调比较的程度。例如：She is as tall as her father.
七、省略和替代用法
在口语或非正式写作中，“as”有时可以被省略，而句子的意思仍然保持不变。此外，还可以使用“than”来替代“as”，尤其是在表示不同或相反的情况下。
八、常见误区和注意事项
1. 误用“as”与其他连词的混淆：要避免将“as”与其他表示比较的连词（如“like”和“similar to”）混淆使用。
2. 忽视主从句时态的一致性：在比较状语从句中，主句和从句的时态应该保持一致。
3. 忽略否定词的位置：当使用否定词来表示不同或相反时，要确保否定词位于“as”之前。
一、选择题
1. She sings _______ beautifully _______ her sister.
A. as; as B. so; as C. as; like D. like; as
2. He doesn't earn _______ much _______ his colleagues.
A. as; as B. so; as C. such; as D. too; as
3. He spoke _______ fast _______ I couldn't understand him.
A. so; that B. as; that C. too; to D. as; as
4. The book is _______ interesting _______ the one I read last week.
A. as; as B. not; as C. more; than D. less; than
5. The weather in summer is _______ hot _______ in winter.
A. not; as B. as; as C. more; than D. less; as
二、填空题
1. She is _______ tall _______ her mother.
2. He studies _______ hard _______ his brother.
3. The film is _______ boring _______ the book.
4. She didn't run _______ fast _______ her friend.
5. The red shirt is _______ expensive _______ the blue one.
三、改写句子
1. He is as tall as his father. (改为否定句)
2. She doesn't study as hard as her sister. (改为肯定句)
3. The new car is more expensive than the old one. (用as...as改写)
4. The movie was not as interesting as we expected. (改为同义句)
5. He spoke so fast that I couldn't understand him. (用as...as改写)
答案及解析
一、选择题
1. 【答案】A
【解析】as...as表示“和……一样”，用于肯定比较。句意：她和她的姐姐唱得一样好。
2. 【答案】A
【解析】not...as...as表示“不如……”，用于否定比较。句意：他赚的钱不如他的同事多。
3. 【答案】D
【解析】as...as表示“和……一样”，但后接从句时，从句应用倒装形式。句意：他说话说得太快，以至于我听不懂。
4. 【答案】A
【解析】as...as表示“和……一样”，用于肯定比较。句意：这本书和我上周读的那本一样有趣。
5. 【答案】C
【解析】more...than表示“比……更”，用于表示程度上的比较。句意：夏天的天气比冬天的更热。
二、填空题
1. 【答案】as; as
【解析】as...as表示“和……一样”。
2. 【答案】as; as
【解析】as...as表示“和……一样”。
3. 【答案】not; as
【解析】not...as...as表示“不如……”。
4. 【答案】as; as
【解析】as...as表示“和……一样”，但前接否定词时，表示“不如……”。
5. 【答案】more; than
【解析】more...than表示“比……更”。
三、改写句子
1. He is not as tall as his father.
2. She studies as hard as her sister.
3. The new car is not as cheap as the old one.
4. The movie was less interesting than we expected.
5. He spoke so fast that I couldn't understand him. (原句已经是正确的表达，无需改写)
